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WILLIAM H. JENNISON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FILTER.

Specification of Letters Patent No'..4,399, dated March 73. `1846.

To all whom t mag/concern Be it known that I, IVILLIAM H. JENNI- soN, ofthe city, county, and State of" New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Filters for Filtering Water and other Liquids, and thatthe following is a full, clear, and eXact description of the principleor character of my invention which distinguishes it from all otherthings before known and of the manner of making, constructing, and usingthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making partof this specification, in which- Figure l is a vertical section of thefilter; Fig. 2, a plan of the filtering diaphragm; Fig. 3, frontelevation of thepress employed in compressing the sponge, representingthe part which operates on the sponge in section; and Fig. 4, a sideelevation of the same.

The same letters indicate like kparts in all the figures. 4

Of the various substances which have been employed as filtering mediasponge has heretofore been deemed the least useful from the circumstancethat in its natural or slightly compressed state its pores readilyadmit, and become clogged with the impurities, and in a very short timeimpede the passage of the liquid, and after these impurities havefilled' up the pores it is very difficult to remove them; but by aseries of experiments I have ascertained that by submitting well cleanedspongeto a pressure of about five thousand pounds,

vand retaining it in this compressed state it will admit of the passageof water or other liquid through it and retain the impurities outside.Having ascertained this fact, I have applied sponge thus compressed 'tothe filtering of water and other liquids with great advantage in thefollowing manner. The sponge is torn into small fragments and properlycleansed to remove all the impurities, and then in a moistened state Icompress it under a pressure of about live thousand pounds and confineit between two perforated metallic plates forming a diaphragm which isplaced in a case with a chamber on either side so that the water orother liquid can be carried through it, first in one direction, and thenin the other, so that the impurities which are deposited alternately onits opposite surfaces shall be readily carried off by the water or otherliquid.

In the accompanying drawings, (B B) represent a metallic case composedof two frustums of inverted cones with their bases provided with flanges(I), b) which are riveted, bolted, or otherwise secured together, andembrace a metallic disk (H). The ends of this conical case are tapped at(c, c) to fit onto a supply pipe so that it can be reversed endl forend, or to receive two pipes that the supply of water may be reversed.The disk (H) is perforated, and outside the perforations itis providedvwith a rim (a.) within which fits the rim (a) of another metallic disk(H). The sponge'(I-) powerfully compressed, as above stated, 1scontained between these two disks which are secured by pins (7L) passingthrough the rims (a, a) This constitutes the ent-ire filter which may beapplied to a pipe or pipes for supplying the water orv other liquid'inany desired manner.

The method which I have pursued of compressing the sponge between thediaphragms is as follows: I provide a cylinder (K) of sufficientdiameter to receive the outside of the 4rim of the disk (H) as at 70,'and of such a length that it will contain the quantity of sponge (I) putin one filter; the cylinder has several slots (lo, c) in it at the lowerend. Having laid .the disk (H) with its rim upward I slip on to it thaterately small pieces to make the density of the mass uniform whencompressed; upon the top of the sponge I place the other disk (H) withits rim downward, and, applying a pressure to it by the piston (L), Iforce it down the interior of the cylinder, until it comes to its properposition in the cup of the lower disk, when, as is obvious, all thesponge is compressed into the space between the two disks and theirrims. Before the pressure is removed I pass a drill through the slots atthe end of the cylinder, and drill holes through the rims of the disksto receive the pins which keep them together as before stated. (M)represents the frame of the press which I employ for this purpose, and(Z) a` wheel by which the power is applied to the screw piston (L), inmanner well known and which therefore needs no representation. I havesimply described the mode which I have employed of compressing thesponge but do not claim the jack screw as of my invention as other modesmay be resorted to.

niet I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is*

Forming a lteringmedium, for iltering Water and other liquids, of spongecompressed under a sufficient pressure to pre- 10 vent sediment fromentering the `pores thereof, and permit pure Water, under pressure, topass through, as described, the sponge thus compressed being confinedand retained between two perforated plates, as described.

WM. H. JENNISON.

Witnesses:

GEo. BAKER, PETER W. KRUNKEL.

